The Parisian club has now claimed the season-opening cup on fourteen different occasions.
The Parisian giants needed a stoppage-time leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to get past Marseille in Kuwait and secure a fourth straight French Super Cup victory.
The European champions seemed to be sailing towards a straightforward win in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 winners and the Coupe de France holders after the French winger opened the net early on.
However, Marseille fired twice late to seize a shock lead. Initially, the English forward scored from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking twist of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital equaliser in the dying moments to force the match into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then stood as the hero, saving decisive attempts from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a 4-1 penalty win.
The record winners Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this trophy for the 12th time in the last thirteen years.